A.
Observe the Table given below and compare the sentences.
I | Have | Got an English Book | = | Have | I | Got an English book? |
You | Have | Got an English book | = | Have | You | Got an English book? |
He | Has | Got an English book | = | Has | He | Got an English book? |
She | Has | Got an English book | = | Have | We | Got an English book? |
It | Has | Got an English book | = | Has | It | Got an English book? |
We | Have | Got an English book | = | Have | We | Got an English book? |
They | Have | Got an English book | = | Have | They | Got an English book? |
B.
Some commonly used question forms and Answers.
1.
Has he come today?
He has come today.
He hasn’t come.
Yes, he has.
No, he hasn’t.
2.
Had he come yesterday?
He had come.
He hadn’t come.
Yes, he had.
No, he hadn’t
3.
Have they come today?
They have come.
They haven’t come.
Yes, they have.
No, they haven’t.
4.
Had they come yesterday?
They had come.
They hadn’t come.
Yes, hadn’t come.
No, they hadn’t.
5.
Has she come today?
She has come.
She hasn’t come.
Yes, she has.
No, she hasn’t
6.
Had she come yesterday?
She had come yesterday.
Yes, she had.
No, she hadn’t.
7.
Hasn’t he come today?
He hasn’t come today.
He has come.
No, he hasn’t.
8.
Hasn’t she come today?
She hasn’t come today.
She has come.
No, she hasn’t.
9.
Haven’t they come today?
They haven’t come today.
They are come.
No, they haven’t.
10.
Hadn’t he come yesterday?
He hadn’t come yesterday.
He had come.
No, he hadn’t
11.
Hadn’t she come yesterday?
She hadn’t come yesterday.
She hadn’t come yesterday.
She had come.
No, she hadn’t.
12.
Hadn’t they come yesterday?
They hadn’t come yesterday.
They had come.
No, they hadn’t.
C.
The auxiliaries have and had are used as ‘helping’ verbs in the construction of the past and past perfect form of all main verbs. They are often pronounced as contracted weak forms in affirmative sentences and contracted weak forms are also used in the negative. Study the following examples and say them to yourself as you read them:
‘They’ve been living in Calcutta
‘He’s collected his medication from the chemist, but the hasn’t actually taken any of the pills yet.
‘Have you seen my green pullover anywhere, Sandra?’ ‘No, sorry, I haven’t.’
‘This was a lie, for she’d borrowed his green pullover and had forgotten to return it.’
‘They told me that they’d lived in Wiltshire all their lives, but had never visited Stonehenge .’
‘We have paid for the flights, but we haven’t paid the travel insurance yet.’
D.
‘Have / ‘have got’
When we are talking about possession, relationships, illnesses and characteristics of people or things we can use either have or have got. The have got. The have got forms are more common in an informal style. Have got has the same meaning as have.
To make questions and negative sentences with have got we use the auxiliary verb have. Question, with have got must be formed as follows:
-How many subsidiaries have your company?
-It has two.
-How many sisters do you have?
-I’ve three (Sisters).
-Do you all have your own bedrooms?
-Sue’s got her own bedroom, but neither Debbie nor I have. We have to share. (Note in this last example that ‘have to’ is used as an alternative to must because the need to share is imposed on the sisters.)
-Have you got a new car, Paul?
-Yes I have. I bought it last week.
-Has it got air conditioning?
-No it hasn’t. But it’s got a CD player.
-Do you have very many CDs?
-I’ve hundreds.
Note the way in which we form short answers and question tags with have got and have:
-Have you got a sore throat as well as a running nose?
-No, I haven’t.
-But you’ve got a high temperature, haven’t you?
-Yes, I have.
-Does this music school have enough pianos?
No, it doesn’t.
-But you have enough opportunities to practice, don’t you?
-No, we don’t.
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